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Photographing the moon can be tricky. Last year I had a go at it and it was a complete disaster with the moon looking like a big bright blurry mass in the sky. After a bit of trial and error I discovered how to take nice shots of the moon. Please see the two examples to the right.

The right lens

The first thing you need is a powerful zoom lens. The moon may look big in the night sky but when your camera takes a photo of it, the moon will only fill a tiny portion of the photo. On a 50mm lens the moon with be nothing more than a dot in your picture. The lens I used in the photos opposite were taken on a Canon 100-400mm lens which was a lot better but to be honest an even longer zoom would have been better.

Keep it steady

The next thing you 100% need is a tripod. Keeping the camera still is essential for getting a sharp image, and if your using a long zoom lens camera shake will be an issue as it's the longer the zoom the more camera shake affects the image. The tripod will hold the lens still and allow you to take a sharp image. Also you will need to use either the cameras timer function or a shutter release cable to trigger the camera shutter... otherwise you can jolt the camera while taking the photo and get blurred results.

Aperture

What f-number/aperture should you use? The first thing that comes to mind is a low f-number i.e. f4.0 or lower to take in more light. This is where I went wrong - the moon is actually very bright in the sky and using a low f-number can completely blow out the moon and make it look more like the sun. The ideal f-number would be somewhere between f11 and f16.

Shutter speed

For Shutter speed again you would assume a slow speed but again this is the opposite. Since the moon is bright you don't need as much time to capture the light it gives off. Also the moon actually moves quite fast along the night sky - if you have a 400mm lens or longer you can actually see the moon moving slowly across the viewfinder. If we used a slow shutter speed then the actual movement of the moon could cause us to lose detail. This is why I would recommend a speed of around 1/125 - 1/250.

ISO speed I would have around 200-400 and then just experiment with different combinations of ISO, aperture and shutter speed with the guidelines above until you get a nice exposure of the moon. You may need to also experiment if the moon is showing different amounts depending on the time of the month.

Cropping

Once you have your perfect shot load it onto your computer. Even on a 400mm lens the moon can still take up a relatively small area of your photo. If you got your settings spot on and managed to get a very sharp photo of the moon then you can crop your image and even zoom in a little bit so the moon itself fits better in the finished framing of your photo.

Conclusion

• Use a long zoom lens.
• Always use a tripod and shutter release or timer cable.
• Don't use a low f-number.
• Don't use a slow shutter speed.

Chris Thornton
http://www.colourjam.com

Factors to Consider When Buying a Camera Lens

When buying a camera lens, there are factors that you need to consider to assure of producing best quality shots even in low-lighting conditions.

Purchasing a DSLR or Digital Single Lens Reflex camera comes with a basic kit lens that could give decent quality pictures. But the advantage in DSLR cameras is being able to switch lenses, depending on the type of shot you want. There are powerful zoom lenses or macro lenses, for example.

Here are some factors to consider when buying a digital camera lens:

The Glass

• Focal Length - It is the actual distance in-between the focal lane of the lens and the rear element, measured in millimeters (mm). This is where the light's parallel beams enter the lens converging onto a point. It determines the viewing angle of the lens. When there is a shorter focal length, the field of view becomes wider, providing more scenes for your camera to capture. When you increase the focal length, the actual field of view becomes narrower.

• Aperture - It is one of the mechanisms that control the actual "amount of light" passing through the lens towards the image sensors. It is also referred as "f-stops," like f/2/8. The smaller the number, the larger the opening. This means more light enters the camera. Since it begins to collect additional light, a type of lens that allows you to open to a wider aperture also enables you to have a faster shutter speed. Such feature is essential in low lighting conditions to obtain sharp images, especially through a handheld camera.

• Image Stabilization - Slower shutter speed can result to blurry photos when cameras are handheld. Image stabilization counteracts the shaking, allowing one to shoot certain handheld shots amidst low lighting conditions. Canon's term for this is IS (Image Stabilization). Nikon use the term VR (Vibration Reduction).

Zoom lenses included in a variety of DSLR kits offer focal lengths ranging from 18 to 35mm. Depending on the cropping capability of the camera, it can reach up to 55mm. This means that you can go from only a moderate "wide-angle" view towards a so-called "slight telephoto."

If you have plans of expanding your digital camera's features, here are some things you need to consider:

• Prime Lenses - These should possess a longer type of zoom lens or a lone focal length between 35mm up to 85mm. Prime lenses have a better glass on them.

If you get the "fixed-length lens", there is a tendency that you will be required to move around when getting your shot. Of course, over a certain time, this will already help you make better compositions.

Prime lenses also possess a wider type of maximum aperture, making it easier to get sharper shots, especially under low lightings.

• Zoom Lenses - For those wishing to get action photos, the best would be the "telephoto lens" which ranges from 100mm up to 300mm. This is due to the DSLRs crop factor. There is not much zooming needed. A good example would be Nikon D40 which has a 200mm type of telephoto lens that can turn into a 300mm one.

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Video camera automatic lens shutter won't open, what do to? Anyone else had the same problem? What's wrong?

I turn the camera on and the automatic lens shutter will not open by itself like it should do. I reset the camera, still the same problem, i turn the camera off then on, still the same problem, i disconnect then reconnect the battery and still the same problem. The model of the camera is DCR DCD703E.

I've heard that the camera will not function correctly in some conditions. Is this because of that or is it a fault? I looked up on the internet for this fault and i was very surprised to find that other people have/have had the same problem. It seems to be only with sony.

Hi Ĉỵяú§ ,

It happened with my old Sony 8mm HandyCam. When you turn on the camera there is a motor driven belt that opened the lens cover. It looked like a small rubber band. The "rubber band" had broken.

I got mine fixed by a local camera shop for $30. It never happened again.

Norm

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