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Wide Camera
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To capture clear images, high-quality cameras generally use lenses that require manual or automatic focusing. Unless the lens is focused correctly, the subject will appear soft and blurry.

In contrast, the majority of simple cameras, including cell-phones, disposable and inexpensive snap-shot cameras use a fixed-focus lens that does not need to be focused. Fixed-focus lenses, also known as focus-free lenses, are designed to render everything in a scene in focus.

Fixed-focus lenses are not the same thing as auto-focus lenses. The automatic mechanism of an auto-focus lens still must adjust the lens to achieve maximum sharpness. A fixed-focus lens, on the other hand, never needs to be adjusted to deliver sharp images.

At first, this seems odd. Users of low-cost cameras have no need to be concerned with focusing, while those who have invested substantial amounts of cash in a high-quality camera system have to take focusing in consideration on every shot.

There are several reasons why you will not find fixed-focus lenses on top-quality cameras. It is not an issue of lens quality, as many fixed-focus lenses have very good optics.

Striving for depth-of-field

Focus-free lenses accomplish their magic by relying on depth-of-field and wide-angle optics. Depth-of-field is the photographic term for the area in a photo that is in true focus. Wide angle lenses generally produce a wide area of sharpness, while telephotos almost always reduce depth-of-field to a minimum. Because fixed-focus lenses require great amounts of depth-of-field, there are few, if any, focus-free telephotos.

Lens aperture also contributes to the depth-of-field in a photo. The term aperture refers to the opening in the lens that allows light to pass through to the sensor. Obviously, large apertures pass more light, while small apertures reduce the light reaching the sensor.

Fixed-focus lenses require small apertures

In addition to regulating the amount of light passing through the lens, the aperture opening also controls depth-of-field. Smaller openings extend depth of field, while larger apertures reduce it. To ensure the fixed-focus lens maintains proper focus, camera makers have to use small apertures to create a wide depth-of-field area. This, in turn reduces the light falling on the sensor. In bright sunlight, this is not an issue, but when the light becomes dim, a focus free lens cannot record well-exposed images without boosting the ISO into an unacceptable range.

No close focusing

Finally, most fixed-focus lenses are calibrated to what is known as the hyperfocal distance. This is a photographic concept that establishes the closest distance to the lens that objects can remain in focus, while still maintaining sharpness at infinity. When a focus-free lens is set up in this way, everything from half the hyperfocal distance to infinity will appear in focus.

While the hyperfocal distance creates a deep area of focus within a photograph, it also prevents the camera from focusing at close distances. With the exception of some telephoto lenses, most dSLRs and high-quality range-finders can capture images at distances of two feet or less. The typical focus-free lens cannot accurately capture subjects nearer than six to eight feet from the camera.

The combination of wide-angle optics and and the lack of close focusing capabilities means that the photographer often cannot fill the frame with the subject. Portraits can be problematic, because the fixed-focus lens cannot get get close enough to capture a nice head shot. These optics can do a credible job on landscapes and other far away subjects, but they are useless at close range.

Despite the drawbacks, a focus-free lens is well suited to unsophisticated, no-frills photography. Fixed-focus optics can be used by anyone, especially casual and easy-going snap-shooters. They are excellent for training children the basics of photography. At the same time, a creative photo craftsman can produce wonderful images with a focus-free lens. There is an oft-repeated mantra that great photos reflect the skill of the photographer, not the price of the camera. The same thing can be said about lenses.

Would you like to read more photography articles like this one? Visit http://alphatracks.com and click on the Photography Basics link. While you are there you can subscribe to the RSS feed or choose to receive posts by email.

Tom Bonner provides photography and web design services to clients in the Gastonia, North Carolina area. You can find out more about Tom at http://adventuresindesign.com.

Home Protection and Spy Cameras

With crime on the rise, technology has led to lower prices for home security. While many devices have dropped in price over the years, the spy camera is solitary of the most certified, experienced amount declines. The fact that only once dreamt of in the film, such as James Bond is now a reality that is very affordable.

The spy cameras now included in the pin cameras, pens, and even video cameras, which are hidden in a pair of sunglasses. Most kits cost a few hundred bucks, and come with sensors and remote access to the Internet? Set with alarm. There from, you will hold the opportunity to gather in your house wide camera to your primary cable system and see how spy camera on any screen in your house. To see the video, though, you will need to set your TV to a specific channel.

Along with the spy camera has a wide range of other devices that could be used to protect yourself and your home such as motion detectors, alarms, trip wires, spy cameras, surveillance cameras, identify print locks, digital locks, and many others. Almost all available at affordable prices if you choose to professional installation. Professional installation will cost a lot more money, perhaps even thousands of dollars, if you have a big house.

If you aren¡¯t familiar with the way spy cameras and other spy related security works, it may be in your best interest to hire a professional. An experienced professional can show you how to work the equipment and answer extra questions that you may have. Although if it will cost you a lot wider than if you were to do it yourself, true would be much better than messing something up. Spy cameras and instrument can be very tricky. Especially if you don¡¯t know anything about home security.

The pin and sunglasses spy camera is one of the most popular. These cameras may require professional installation, now you will need to hook up to wireless panel monitor or your computer. Depending on the type of spy camera, which you use to connect all the measures could be anywhere from beginner to the professional level. Sunglasses can be great to be use at home or anywhere else you travel within distance as the camera is completely undetectable to those who constantly in your field of view.

To protect around the house or anywhere else you travel, spy camera can be a great investment. These cameras are becoming more and more popular these days because of low prices. Although they were very expensive when they were first introduced those times have changed. You can get spy cameras are now only a few hundred bucks. By making this investment, you can never go wrong.

About the Author

For information, and more related articles by this author visit: http://www.ihomesecurity.info

Digital camera wide angle lenses Canon EOS 20D?

Looking for a digital specific wide angle lens ,reasonable quality, cheap price.At the moment I am using my old slr film lenses and of course digital magnifies the lenses by 1.5 this is okay with my 300mm lens making it a 450mm but my 28 has become a 42mm .I would really like something like an 18mm.
Cheers D

It took me a while to figure this out so I'll clear it up for you: the 1.6x magnifier will be there no matter what. Even lenses that are made for digital (i.e. the EFS lenses) will be subject to the magnifier. So if the EFS lenses are subject to the magnifier, what's their point? The point is that they only have to cover a smaller sensor. That means lenses can be built lighter, smaller and cheaper. Despite covering a smaller sensor, THEY ARE STILL SUBJECT TO THE MAGNIFICATION. Therefore if you want wide angle you'll have to get something like a 10mm lens and accept the fact that it's going to be an effective 16mm. If that's not acceptable to you you'll need to get a full frame camera.

Wide-Eyed Proba-V Will Track Global Vegetation Daily
by Staff Writers Paris, France (ESA) May 05, 2010 The small but powerful camera of ESA's Proba-V mission can fit on a single laboratory table for testing. But when it reaches orbit, this compact sensor will deliver a daily overview of virtually all vegetation growth across Earth.

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